Photographs and Emancipation

Image from the cover of

Envisioning Emancipation: Black Americans and the End of Slavery

 by Deborah Willis and Barbara Krauthamer   

2013 marks the 150th Anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. In these times of little money for museum and other public exhibits it is good to find several shows devoted to the topic.

Emancipation Day Commemoration in Richmond, Virginia

The Schomburg Center at the New York Public Library is in the closing weeks of the show Visualizing Emancipation featuring 80 photos of  "enslaved and free black women, men, and children. The images record the presence of black soldiers and black workers in the American South and help the 21st century viewer reimagine a landscape of black people's desire to be active in their own emancipation." The show, which is related to the book by Kratuhamer and Willis, closes on March 16th. 

See a link here:

http://www.nypl.org/locations/tid/64/node/176527

Read more about the book at the Temple University Press site:

http://www.temple.edu/tempress/titles/2253_reg.html

The authors are on a book tour so you might find them speaking in a venue near you this month.

The New York Times had a recent article in the Antiques column by Eve M. Kahn,
"Photographic Artifact of Black Civil War Troops," which discussed several exhibits and books on the topic

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/22/arts/design/photographic-artifacts-of-black-civil-war-troops.html?pagewanted=all

Other photographic exhibits on the topic:

Boston's Museum of African American History commemorates the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation and of the Massachusetts 54th Regiment, the first black soldiers from the north to serve in the American Civil War with an exhibit Freedom Rising, through December 2013  
http://www.afroammuseum.org/exhibits.htm#Freedom_Rising_2013


At the Smithsonian in Washington:
Bound for Freedom's Light: African Americans and the Civil War
Up through March 2 next year 2014
"To commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation, the National Portrait Gallery presents [an] installation that  focuses on the roles that individual African Americans played during the course of this hard-fought conflict....includes vintage photographs and historic prints, the majority drawn from the collection of the National Portrait Gallery. The installation’s curator is Ann Shumard, senior curator of photographs at the museum."
See more here:
http://www.npg.si.edu/exhibit/exhbound.html

And on the general topic of the Civil War Sesquicentennial:
The National Portrait Gallery has several other exhibits up. Here is a list of shows up in Washington now and in the future. The individual links may work. Otherwise try this:
http://npg.si.edu/exhibit/cw/npgcivilwar.html

Mathew Brady’s Photographs of Union Generals

(March 30, 2012, through May 2015)
Washington During the Civil War
(Dec. 13, 2013, through Jan. 25, 2015)
Grant and Lee
(March 14, 2014, through April 19, 2015)
Alexander Gardner
(October 31, 2014, through May 3, 2015)

Frederic Edwin Church,  Our Banner in the Sky (detail), 

1861 from the collection of the Metropolitan Museum.

New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art has two Civil War anniversary displays scheduled for summer 2013.
The Civil War & American Art opens May 28 and closes September 2, 2013. "More than two hundred of the finest and most poignant photographs of the American Civil War have been brought together for this landmark exhibition."
Plus a selection of American prints reflecting Civil War themes, by Winslow Homer, Thomas Nast, and others from May 20–August 25, 2013.

And if you want to stay home---here's an online photo exhibit about women and the war from the University of Maryland.
Women on the Border: Maryland Perspectives on the Civil War

http://www.lib.umd.edu/civilwarwomen/exhibition/introduction_womenwar.html

Dixie Diary 3: Shouting Yankee Doodle

Block 3

Shouting Yankee Doodle 

8"  Version

A traditional pinwheel block, popular with quilters for generations, is the background for Sarah Morgan's satirical jabs at Union occupiers. The basic pattern is often called Broken Dishes, sometimes Yankee Puzzle.

Awaiting a Southern savior, Baton Rouge bristled under General Benjamin Butler's Union occupation. The Louisiana women defended the home front by showing contempt for the occupying army, spitting on the officers and insulting them.

The women of New Orleans also

spit at Butler's occupying Union soldiers.

From Harper's Weekly July 12, 1862

The Yankees told Sarah they would punish the mutinous women by making them sew for the Union army. Apparently, Sarah also held the social conversation of a sewing circle in contempt.

July 1, 1862, Baton Rouge

"I heard such a good joke last night!...These officers say the women talk too much, which is undeniable. They then said, they meant to get up a sewing society, and place in it every woman who makes herself conspicuous by her loud talking about them. Fancy what a refinement of torture! But only a few would suffer; the majority would be only too happy to enjoy the usual privilege of sewing societies, slander, abuse, and insinuations. How some would revel in it. The mere threat makes me quake!...

Oh, how I would beg and plead! Fifty years at Fort Jackson, good, kind General Butler, rather than half an hour in your sewing society! Gentle, humane ruler, spare me and I split my throat in shouting 'Yankee Doodle' and 'Hurrah for Lincoln!' Any, every thing, so I am not disgraced! Deliver me from your sewing society, and I'll say and do what you please!"

Detail of The Sewing Party 1857

By Louis Lang
Warner Foundation

A 12" version with a 1" frame, set on point 

By Sandi Brothers.

The pieced block has a BlockBase number.

BlockBase #1262a 

(Don't forget the "a" if you are searching by number.)

Names include Mosaic and Millwheel

Cutting 12":

A –  Cut 4 squares 6-7/8". 

Cut each into 2 triangles with 1 cut. 

Cutting 8":

A –  Cut 4 squares 4-7/8". 

Cut each into 2 triangles with 1 cut. 

Applique a star or a heart after piecing.

Winslow Homer drawing from Harper's Weekly.

A sewing bee was just one more

traditional woman's role that Sarah Morgan found confining.

Civil War Quilters: Loyal Hearts of Illinois

Floral Wreath Appliqué Quilt, ca. 1860
Made by Elizabeth (Sutherland) Jones (1793-1878)
Long Creek and Mt. Zion, Macon County, Illinois
Hand-appliquéd and quilted cotton
Collection of the Illinois State Museum. Gift of Mrs. Margaret Woodruff. 1974.17 (746931)

I see through one of my favorite blogs, WhatALoadAScrap, that the exhibit of Civil War quilts from the Illinois State Museum that was up in Chicago last year is now at the Illinois State Museum in Springfield.
http://whataloadascrap.blogspot.com/

This show, which seems to be expanded from the Chicago exhibit with other artifacts including weapons, costume and household goods from the era, will be up until September 8, 2013 

Here's the press release from the Museum:

http://www.museum.state.il.us/ismsites/main/pressroom.html?NPR=1196  

The Sentimental Quilter got to see the show in Chicago last summer (25 quilts) and here is a post about it

http://sentimentalquilter.blogspot.com/2012/09/quilt-exhibit.html

So did Violette

http://handquilting.blogspot.com/2012/10/civil-war-era-quilts-exhibition.html

The Illinois State Museum has a substantial collection of quilts.

See pictures of the collection here at the Quilt Index....388 of them!

http://www.quiltindex.org/search_results.php?page=1&page10=0&collection=Illinois State Museum

Don Beld's Reproduction Quilts on Display

Sanitary Commission Soldier's Aid

quilts from the cover of 

Civil War Quilts by Pam Weeks and Don Beld

Don Beld recently donated his collection of six reproduction Sanitary Commission quilts to the International Quilt Study Center and Museum. The Museum is showing them along with some of his  9/11 Tribute quilts.

Civil War U.S. Sanitary Commission Quilt Reproductions by Don Beld will be on display at the Museum in Lincoln, Nebraska,  from March 12, 2013 to August 18.

Click here:
http://www.quiltstudy.org/exhibitions/upcoming_exhibitions.html

Here is the 1864 original of a quilt made by a Soldier's Aid Society

And Don's reproduction.

Fanny Kreeger Hallar

A Kreeger family member recently sent me a link to this photo of Fanny Kreeger Hallar, probably taken about the time of her marriage to George Washington Hallar in 1876.

I was thrilled to see a picture of Fanny as she is someone I have been tracking for years.

One of the reasons I got interested in quilt history was this old pattern from the Kansas City Star in 1929. Columnist Ruby Short McKim of Independence, Missouri, told the story of the pattern she called Order Number Eleven, something she revised for her book 101 Quilt Patterns.

Notice the Order #11 block in my Circle of Friends

 quilt you readers made for me.

McKim told the story of Fannie Kreeger Haller (It's probably really spelled Fanny Kreeger Hallar), “a dear old lady in her eighties who was a little girl …back in war times [who'd] seen her mother’s choice new quilt snatched from the bed by marauders. She carried the memory of this striking pattern in her mind.... and years after reproduced the quilt, christening it 'Order No. 11'."

Having read a lot of far-fetched quilt history I was inspired to see if I could find out anymore about Fanny Kreeger Hallar. She indeed existed and following her trail led me into many more stories about the border wars in Kansas and Missouri before and during the Civil War.

A similar block dated 1849

Order Number Eleven was named for a Union order forcing Southern sympathizers to leave their homes in 1863 after Missouri Bushwhackers under the control of William Quantrill burned the pro-Union town of Lawrence, Kansas. The Federal Army issued the order evacuating four counties in western Missouri, permitting Union soldiers and guerillas to terrorize families into leaving by burning their homes and stealing their possessions. The roads south and east of Kansas City were filled with frightened and angry refugees, among them the Kreeger family of Lone Jack, Missouri, who lost their Hickory Leaf quilt to the enforcers.

Martha Frances Kreeger was born August 21, 1853 in Lone Jack, Missouri, near Independence. She was just ten when her family had to leave their farm. Her obituary told about their trip east into Missouri. They drove with "an ox team to Davis, Lafayette County, Mo., staying there the following winter. When they crossed the Tebo River in Lafayette County the oxen were so thirsty, they broke from the drivers' control and plunged into the stream." Fanny was able to follow that path many years later in an automobile.

In her early twenties she married widower George Washington Hallar. Buried near her are two young children Willie and Mable. In 1884 a daughter Aileen Hallar was born. Aileen survived and outlived her mother.

Wash Hallar (1836-1903) farmed near Blue Springs in Jackson County, Missouri. He also carried mail for the government overland from Independence to Salt Lake City before the Civil War.  Like many other young men of Jackson County, Missouri he and his brothers allied themselves with the Bushwhackers,  proslavery guerilla fighters. After the national Civil War began brothers William and James Albert (Abe or Ab) joined forces with William Quantrill's troops and 21-year-old William was killed in April, 1863. Abe is counted among the men who rode with Quantrell to burn the town of Lawrence, Kansas, in August, 1863. He was shot and killed a month later at the age of 20.

Brother Oliver survived the Civil War but led a troubled and violent life. He killed his wife Alice Noland Hallar and her "paramour" in Pueblo, Colorado in 1883. An alternate family tale (see the comments) is that he shot her accidentally while trying to kill a boarder in her Denver boarding house in 1888. Ten years later he shot himself.

Whether Wash rode with the Lawrence raiders is a little vague but he was one of the group who met with Quantrill's mother when she visited the Kansas City area in 1888.

The Kreeger family had members just as wild as the Hallars---it was an epidemic along the Kansas/Missouri border. Robert A. Silva wrote to say he is publishing a biography of his ancestor Lewis M. Kreeger, titled Lead in Trinidad. Lewis Kreeger, a cousin of Fanny's, was said to have ridden with Quantrill and served as sheriff in Trinidad, Colorado at the end of the century. Bob wrote and asked if I knew where those quilts made by Fanny's mother Araminta Daniel Kreeger were.

I wish.

He is querying his cousins and perhaps some antique Hallar/Kreeger quilts will show up.

Somehow Fanny and Wash Hallar managed to put the Civil War behind them, although they carried the memories. They lived near Blue Springs, I think, in this handsome house that Wash began during the war. His obituary said he "built the old Proctor residence and nearly every brick house in the eastern part of (Jackson) County for fifteen years after the War." Wash died in 1903 in his late 60s. The house was still standing when I drove down Woods Chapel Road a few years ago.

Fanny lived on in Independence with her daughter and told at least two stories about quilts to Ruby McKim, but she didn't live to see the tales in print. Her mother's Seth Thomas Rose pattern appeared in the Star on October 12, 1929, a few weeks after Fanny's obituary. Order Number Eleven was published November 23rd.

I write about the Kreeger quilts a lot, because they are such a fascinating link to local history.
Here are some prior posts:

http://civilwarquilts.blogspot.com/2011/10/40-order-number-eleven.html
http://barbarabrackman.blogspot.com/2011/10/northern-lilysouthern-rose-block-8
html
http://barbarabrackman.blogspot.com/2011/11/seth-thomas-rose-quilt-in-oregon.html
http://www.pickledish.com/2010/06/02/book-of-the-week-borderland-in-butternut-and-blue/

Dixie Diary 2: Checkered Allegiances

Block 2

Checkered Allegiances

8" version

Block 2 Checkered Allegiances

12" version with 1" frame

by Sandi Brothers

A checkered block represents the heart of the Southern and Northern loyalties in the Morgan family.

Photographer Andrew Lytle recorded

 Baton Rouge's occupation.

Here, Union tents camped near the Morgans' houses.

Baton Rouge (white star) is on the Mississippi River

northwest of New Orleans

In spring, 1862, Baton Rouge was at the center of a war zone with Union forces in charge and Confederate General Beauregard threatening to retake the town. The family had split their allegiances. Sarah's eldest brother Judge Philip Hicky Morgan was a Union supporter who left town. Two brothers, Gibbes and George, had joined the Confederate Army and the youngest boy Jimmy was in the Confederate Navy.

James Morris Morgan was about

 17 in 1862. He'd been a cadet at the 

United States Naval

Academy when the war began.

Brother-in-law Richard Coulter Drum

 was promoted  to General after the War.

Sister Lavinia Morgan Drum, ten years older than Sarah, was married to a Captain in the United States Army, one who remained loyal to the Union. Lavinia and Captain Drum spent the Civil War in California.

With father and brother Henry dead and the others in the armed forces on opposing sides, the Morgan women---mother, sisters and sisters-in-law---were left in their homes, adjacent houses on Church Street. Should they stay in town and brave the coming battles or flee to a family home in rural Greenwell Springs? Unpracticed in making important decisions, they felt unable to act.

From Sarah's diary:

June 4 1862, Baton Rouge

"Our condition is desperate. [Confederate General] Beauregard is about attacking these Federals. They say he is coming from Corinth, and the fight will be in town. If true we are lost again. Starvation at Greenwell, fever and bullets here, will put an end to us soon enough. There is no refuge for us, no one to consult. Brother [Philip], whose judgment we rely on as implicitly as we did on father's we hear has gone to New York; there is no man in Louisiana whose decision I would blindly abide by. Let us stay and die. We can only die once; we can suffer a thousand deaths with suspense and uncertainty."

Applique a heart or a star after piecing.

Cutting 12":

A – Cut 2 light and 2 medium light squares 4-3/4".

B -  Cut 1 dark and 1 medium dark square 7-1/4". Cut each into 4 triangles with 2 cuts.

Cutting 8":

A – Cut 2 light and 2 medium light squares 3-3/8" (3-5/16" if you use the 1/16" default in EQ).

B - Cut 1 dark and 1 medium dark square 5-1/4" (5-3/16"). Cut each into 4 triangles with 2 cuts. 

Notice how the dark/light shading changes in those triangles.

James in his seventies

Sarah wasn't the only writer in the Morgan family. Brother James wrote his own memoirs of the Confederate Navy.

http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/morganjames/summary.html 

And their Union-sympathizing brother Philip Hicky Morgan left his mark as grandfather to the three beautiful Morgan sisters of the 1920s: Consuelo Morgan Thaw and twins Gloria Morgan Vanderbilt and Thelma Morgan, Lady Furness. Read more about the more modern Morgans here:
http://bullrunnings.wordpress.com/2008/04/28/family-ties-kilpatrick-part-ii/

AQSG Quilt Study 2014: Civil War Reproduction

Georgann Eglinski

Becovering Before 1840

AQSG Quilt Study

The American Quilt Study Group encourages members to study quilts in a variety of ways. Years ago Bobbi Finley and Penny Tucker realized that one effective way to study an antique quilt is to copy it, so they invented the biennial AQSG Quilt Study. Pictured are a few quilts from one round studying "Bedcovers made before 1840." The upcoming round will study "Quilts from the Civil War: 1850-1865"

Becovering Before 1840

AQSG Quilt Study

Janet Locey on left,

Penny Tucker on right

Penny Tucker

Bobbi Finley

The co-chairs are now Greta VanDenBerg and Florence McConnell. Here's the announcement from AQSG about the latest round for 2014:

 "The focus of the 2014 Study will be Quilts from the Civil War: 1850-1865 covering the years leading up to and including the American Civil War. This study serves as a way of learning about our quilt heritage and to help promote AQSG.

"Please take a few minutes to read through the following guidelines. As the popularity and participation in the Quilt Studies has grown, it has become necessary to adjust some of the requirements. Most important are the guidelines for obtaining per­mission from the owner of the original quilt or quilt image used as inspiration for the Participant’s quilt. Therefore, it is a good idea to obtain the required permission before beginning your study project.

"If you plan to participate in the 2014 Quilt Study, it is important to promptly notify the Quilt Study Committee as soon as possible to receive forms and updated information as it becomes available (see contact information below). Exhibit space at Seminar will be limited to fifty (50) quilts and preference will be given to Participants ACCORDING TO THE POSTMARK DATE OF THE FIRST PERMISSION FORM RECEIVED.

"The following rules apply:

· For purposes of this Quilt Study a Civil War Quilt is defined as a quilt made between the years 1850-1865. The inspiration quilt must be clearly identifiable as a quilt from this time period using traditional methods of dating textiles.

· Participants may create an exact replica of the inspiration quilt, reproduce a portion of the inspiration quilt, or create a quilt ‘inspired’ by the inspiration quilt.

· Only AQSG Members may participate on any individual or group project. Each individual and/or group will be limited to submitting one quilt.

· An overall maximum measurement of 200 inches total for all four sides will be strictly enforced.

· To be considered a Quilt Study Participant each individual or group must submit a completed and signed Participant Release form to hold a place in the Seminar Exhibit. This form MUST BE SENT VIA REGULAR MAIL. Forms will be accepted as exhibit space allows through August 1, 2014. A waiting list will be created when the 50 spaces available at the Seminar Exhibit have been filled.

See more here:
http://www.americanquiltstudygroup.org/Quilt%20Study.asp

View a few from the Star study round:
http://barbarabrackman.blogspot.com/2010/12/aqsg-star-study.html

And see last year's Colonial Revival study here:
http://www.americanquiltstudygroup.org/qs20cstudy01.asp
Click on next to see a range of quilts.